how to say “legal trial” in Hebrew
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מִשְׁפָּט
If you have a rudimentary Modern Hebrew vocabulary, you likely know that the word מִשְׁפָּט (meesh-PAHT) refers to that element of speech and writing called a sentence.
What you may not know, however, is that the original meaning of משפט is judgment or law, of the root שׁ.פ.ט (sh.p.t), and that the word most often refers today to a trial that takes place in a court of law. The original Biblical meaning of law in general applies today as well, as illustrated in the following example:
קַיָּם הֶבְדֵּל בֵּין הַמְּשְׁפָּט הַפְּלִילִי וּבֵין הַמִּשְׁפָּט הָאֶזְרָחִי.
There is (exists) a difference between criminal law and civil law.
(kah-YAHM hev-DEL BEH-een hah-meesh-PAHT hah-peh-lee-LEE oo-VEH-een hah-meesh-PAHT hah-ez-rah-KHEE)
As for the connection between משפט the sentence and משפט meaning judgment, my conjecture is that a sentence conveys an idea with authority and completeness, involving an actor (subject) and a recipient (object), just as a judgment embodies a full expression of law, involving an actor (the judge) and a recipient (the one being sentenced).
As for the connection between משפט the sentence and משפט meaning judgment, my conjecture is that a sentence conveys an idea with authority and completeness, involving an actor (subject) and a recipient (object), just as a judgment embodies a full expression of law, involving an actor (the judge) and a recipient (the one being sentenced).
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