how to say “judge” in Hebrew

 

שׁוֹפֵט

 

 
We’ve seen that מִשְׁפָּט listen and repeat refers to that unit of speech or writing called sentence, and that its root is שׁ.פ.ט (sh.p.t) meaning judgment.
 
Likewise, a judge in most courts is a שׁוֹפֵט listen and repeat or שׁוֹפֶטֶת listen and repeat (male and female, respectively).
 
An example from this week’s Torah portion:
 
שֹׁפְטִים וְשֹׁטְרִים תִּתֵּן לְךָ בְּכָל שְׁעָרֶיךָ…
You shall place judges and police in all your gates…
(Deuteronomy 16:18)
 
Likewise, a conventional court of justice is a בֵּית מִשְׁפָּט listen and repeat.
 
A Jewish religious court, however, is a בֵּית דִּין listen and repeat, and a judge in such a court is a דַּיָּן listen and repeat.
 
For example:
 
בֵּית הַדִּין בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל מְטַפֵּל, בֵּין הַיֶּתֶר, בְּעִנְיָנֵי נִשּׂוּאִין.
The (Jewish) court in Israel deals, among other things, with marriage issues.

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