how to say “judge” in Hebrew
שׁוֹפֵט
We’ve seen that מִשְׁפָּטrefers to that unit of speech or writing called sentence, and that its root is שׁ.פ.ט (sh.p.t) meaning judgment.
refers to that unit of speech or writing called sentence, and that its root is שׁ.פ.ט (sh.p.t) meaning judgment.Likewise, a judge in most courts is a שׁוֹפֵט or שׁוֹפֶטֶת(male and female, respectively).
or שׁוֹפֶטֶת(male and female, respectively).An example from this week’s Torah portion:
שֹׁפְטִים וְשֹׁטְרִים תִּתֵּן לְךָ בְּכָל שְׁעָרֶיךָ…
You shall place judges and police in all your gates…
(Deuteronomy 16:18)
(Deuteronomy 16:18)
Likewise, a conventional court of justice is a בֵּית מִשְׁפָּט
A Jewish religious court, however, is a בֵּית דִּין, and a judge in such a court is a דַּיָּן
, and a judge in such a court is a דַּיָּןFor example:
בֵּית הַדִּין בְּיִשְׂרָאֵל מְטַפֵּל, בֵּין הַיֶּתֶר, בְּעִנְיָנֵי נִשּׂוּאִין.
The (Jewish) court in Israel deals, among other things, with marriage issues.